Southeast Asia (SEA) is one of the world’s most vulnerable regions to climate change, due to its long coastlines, high concentration of population and economic activity in coastal areas, and heavy reliance on agriculture, fisheries, forestry and other natural resources1. Climate hazards such as temperature increase, erratic rainfall patterns, extreme climatic events (such as strong typhoons and severe droughts) cause adverse effects and impacts on ecosystems, livelihoods and on many other aspects of human societies. In particular, climate change threatens agricultural production and indirectly food security, ecological stability, and sustainable development. The most vulnerable countries of SEA have to respond through measures that will reduce the adverse effects and impacts of climate change (adaptation) and by significantly reducing greenhouse gas emissions (mitigation).
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